RAPESEED OIL
Refined, FDA Registered, cGMP Proven Quality, All Natural Our company offers rapeseed oil for various applications. We ship
many types of oils and fats in 5, 30, 55, & 275 gallon containers to truck load and tank trucks (not all products available in all pack sizes). We wholesale vegetable oils, including rapeseed oil and we
are known in the industry for fair deals, quality products and fast delivery. Export service is available. Please contact us for latest prices and discounts on rapeseed oil.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Rapeseed Oil
Oil seeds and their products are the most valuable agricultural crops in the world trade. Oil crops are processed into products by utilizing
their seeds or the product derived by a partial removal of one of the major seed components. Some products are obtained by isolating the oil component of the seed, thereby increasing the concentration of
main components, usually proteins. Extraction of oil is one of the major aspects involved in oilseed processing.
Rapeseed oil production occupies third place in the world production of vegetable and
marine oils. It ranks fifth in production of oilseed proteins. Rapeseed is one of the major oilseed crops in the Far East and in Northern Europe and North America. Rapeseed is mainly used for oil production;
also by-products of oil extraction are used in animal feed. The oil content of the seed ranges from 33.2 to 47.6% (8.5% moisture basis) and yields 29.5 to 57.5% protein (oil-free/defatted meal, 8.5% moisture
basis).
Rapeseed and canola oils come from the same genus of plants but different species. Rapeseed / canola seed is obtained from Brassica campestris and Brassica napus.
However, the
processing of these two oils are similar, thus the term rapeseed and canola are used interchangeably in this case.
Rapeseed Oil Production
The main problem in the extraction of rapeseed oil is to
achieve a high yield of oil while maintaining high quality of protein. Therefore, operational parameters should be optimized during preliminary operations, processing and isolation of oil. Primary processing
includes pre-processing, extraction proper and utilization of by-products.
Pretreatment
In preparing oilseed for the extraction of its oil, energy must be used to rupture or weaken the walls of the
oil-containing cells. This energy is partially mechanical work, e.g. breaking, grinding, rolling pressing and pelleting, and partially thermal energy to degrade cell walls, reduce oil viscosity and adjust
moisture content.
Dehulling
The purpose of dehulling is to remove the major part of the fiber and a group of pigments which, passing into the meal, would lower its feeding value. The overall
dehulling process includes: cooking, dehulling itself and separation of the hulls.
A cooking period of 10-15 min is usually sufficient, since during this time at 90-97(C the seed reaches moisture content
approximately 6%. However, study of the effect of drying temperature on rapeseed quality showed that elevated drying temperature up to 200(C was recommended for rapeseed without adversely affecting oil
quality. Also, applying controlled elevated temperature would save up to 80% drying time compared to the present practice of drying rapeseed. The dehulling itself takes place in a disc mill, in which the
disc spacing and the rotational speed can be varied. Hull separation can be combined with the removal of sulfur compounds. Grinding wet-heat treated seeds in a stream of water results in squeezing out the
meats intact from the hulls. Correctly performed, dehulling yields completely separated fractions of hulls and meats.
Rapeseed Oil Extraction
Extraction of oil from flaked rapeseed can proceed by
one of the following processes: direct screw pressing, direct solvent extraction, and pre-press solvent extraction. The pre-press solvent extraction process is a classical system of processing rapeseed in
which the seed is initially expelled under pressure to release a portion of the available oil; and the residue is than solvent extracted. This method is still used by many oil producing manufacturers, with
some modifications, such as pretreatment of rapeseeds described above. Pre-press solvent extraction is probably one of the most economical processes.
A prepress processing steps include:
1. Seed cleaning
Current rapeseed/canola cleaning equipment typically consists of three basic steps:
aspiration, screen separation to remove
oversized particles, and screen separation to remove undersized particles. Most equipment can provide all three steps in a single unit.
2. Preconditioning
Preheating the whole seed prior to
processing (to about 30-40(C) by indirect heating or direct hot air contact. This process improves flaking, screw pressing capacity, cake formation, extractability, and hexane recovery from the extracted
canola flakes.
3. Flaking
In order to extract the oil, cell walls must be ruptured to allow the lipid particles to migrate to the outer surface of the flake. The lipid portion is separated from
the solid flake. This allows a solvent to penetrate into cellular structure dissolving and diluting the lipid portions. Next, this lipid portion flows out of the cell structure and onto the outer surface
of the flake. The preheated rapeseed is flaked between two smooth surface cast-iron rolls.
4. Cooking
Canola flakes are heated in a stacked cooker (at about 75-85(C).
5. Screw pressing
This step is obtained to remove 60% - 70% of the oil from canola flakes, and to compress the small fragile canola flakes into a more dense and durable cake to facilitate good solvent contact and
percolation in the extractor.
6. Solvent extraction
Further extraction of oil seeds and press cake with hexane.
7. Desolventizing
Removal of hexane solvent from the extracted cake.
8. Distillation
Hexane recovery from canola oil.
9. Degumming
Removal of canola phosphatides or gums, and free moisture, cooling of dry oil and then transfer to the refining process or
into a storage.
The following diagram summarized the whole steps described above:
Oil Purification
Refining - The refining process involves degumming, neutralization, drying, bleaching, and deodorization. Crude oil from extraction has to be refined to obtain a high
quality oil. Natural impurities of crude rapeseed oil include water, dirt, phosphatide gums, free fatty acids, color matter, odiferous and flavorous substances, natural breakdown and oxidation products of
the oil itself. There are two methods for refining edible oils: alkali and physical refining.
1. Degumming
Gums compose about 2% of solvent-extracted rapeseed oil. Degumming treatment commonly uses
hot water or steam plus phosphoric acid, citric acid, or other acidic materials. Precipitated gums are removed by continuous centrifugation.
2. Neutralization
Free fatty acids due to the enzymatic
breakdown of oil, can be neutralized with alkali solution. After the alkali treatment the oil is washed with hot water to remove traces of soaps that can reduce stability of oil. In addition, pigments of
oil, such as chlorophyll, also undergo partial decomposition during neutralization.
3. Drying
The purpose of drying is to remove traces of water from the oil, which improves stability and frying
performance.
4. Bleaching
A common method of bleaching is by adsorption of the color producing substances on an adsorbent material. Bentonite (or acid-activated earth clay) and Fuller's earth have
been used most extensively for bleaching rapeseed oils. Rapeseed oil contains large amounts of chlorophylloid pigments that undergo autooxidation, it is more difficult to bleach rapeseed oil than other
vegetable oils. However, during refining, degumming removes approximately 38% of chlorophyll b, neutralization removes mainly chlorophyll a, and deodorizing removes carotenes. Overall refining carried out on
laboratory scale removes 95.5% of carotene and approximately 85% of chlorophylls.
5. Deodorization
Deodorization is a vacuum steam distillation process for the purpose of removing trace
constituents that give rise to undesirable flavors and odors in oils. Rapeseed flavor compounds comprise several groups of volatile constituents that have very bitter flavor and odor perceptible at extremely
low concentrations. Therefore deodorization of rapeseed oil is a more difficult and sometimes more time consuming operation compare to other vegetable oils.
6. Additives
Manufacturers can add
approved food additives to the oil in order to protect oil quality in processing, storage, handling, and shipping of finished products. FDA approved additives can include antioxidants, colorants, water
scavengers, chelating agents.
Uses of Rapeseed Oil
1. For Human Consumption
Rapeseed oil is utilized primarily as an edible oil. Pan-frying and deep-frying are popular food practices throughout the world. Rapeseed and canola oil are
commonly used for frying, due to a high smoke point (224(C).
Liquid oil products: liquid, nonhydrogenated oil for salads and cooking, and in dressings.
Frying fats and shortenings
Margarines
Mayonnaise
2. For Industrial Usage
Uses of Rapeseed oil include:
Production of factice, once a rubber substitute - now an additive which increases stability towards aging and changes in
shape
Lubricants for metal surfaces (HEAR oil)
Alternative fuel (diesel substitute)
Fat - liquoring of leather in tanneries
Varnishes and laquers
Textile chemicals
Detergent additives
Plasticizers
Our company is a Reliable Rapeseed Oil Supplier - c GMP Certified - FDA Registered - Kosher
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
Rapeseed oil is the fixed oil obtained from the seed of the cultivars of Brassica napus and Brassica campestris.
TEST |
METHOD |
RANGE |
Specific gravity @ 25°C |
USP 24 |
0.905-0.912 |
Iodine value |
USP 24 |
97 - 115 |
Saponification value |
USP 24 |
170 - 180 |
Free fatty acids (as oleic) |
USP 24 |
< 1.0% |
Unsaponifiable matter |
USP 24 |
1.5 max |
Erucic acid (C22:1) |
USP 24 |
40% min |
Color Gardner |
AOCS Td la-64 |
4 max |
Moisture |
AOCS Ca 2b-38 |
< 0.05% |
Appearance |
Pale yellow, bright & clear oily liquid |
|
Odor |
Bland, odorless |
|
Because of natural variations in oilseed crops, chemical and physical constants cannot be guaranteed at all times. |
